All Contaminants
Pb

Lead

in Drinking Water

HIGH RISK

Lead is a toxic metal that was commonly used in plumbing, paint, and gasoline. It can enter drinking water through corroding pipes, faucets, and fixtures, especially in homes built before 1986.

EPA Regulations

EPA Legal Limit

15 ppb (Action Level)

This is the maximum contaminant level (MCL) that water systems must meet by law.

Health Guideline

0 ppb (no safe level)

There is no safe level of lead exposure, especially for children.

Health Effects

Exposure to lead in drinking water can cause various health problems:

  • Developmental delays and learning difficulties in children
  • Damage to the brain and nervous system
  • Slowed growth and development in children
  • Hearing problems
  • Anemia
  • Kidney damage
  • Increased blood pressure in adults
  • Reproductive problems

Common Sources

Lead can enter drinking water from various sources:

  • Corrosion of household plumbing (lead pipes, brass/chrome faucets)
  • Lead solder in copper pipes (homes built before 1986)
  • Lead service lines connecting homes to water mains
  • Industrial discharge
  • Natural deposits in soil

Minnesota Cities with Highest Lead Levels

RankCityLead LevelOverall Grade
#1CASS LAKE21.5 ppbF
#2Columbia Heights20.9 ppbF
#3AITKIN18.3 ppbF
#4Rochester18.2 ppbF
#5Mankato15.8 ppbF
#6Monticello15.1 ppbF
#7Inver Grove Heights12.9 ppbF
#8CASS LAKE12.4 ppbF
#9Thief River Falls12.2 ppbF
#10Detroit Lakes11.7 ppbF

How to Remove Lead

These filtration methods are effective at removing lead from drinking water:

  • Reverse osmosis (RO) systems - removes up to 99%
  • Distillation systems
  • NSF-certified filters for lead removal
  • Some activated carbon filters (check NSF 53 certification)

Frequently Asked Questions

What is Lead and why is it in drinking water?

Lead is a toxic metal that was commonly used in plumbing, paint, and gasoline. It can enter drinking water through corroding pipes, faucets, and fixtures, especially in homes built before 1986.

What are the health effects of Lead in drinking water?

Exposure to lead in drinking water can cause: Developmental delays and learning difficulties in children, Damage to the brain and nervous system, Slowed growth and development in children. This is considered a high-risk contaminant.

What is the EPA limit for Lead?

The EPA limit for lead is 15 ppb (Action Level). The health guideline is 0 ppb (no safe level).

How can I remove Lead from my drinking water?

The most effective methods to remove lead include: Reverse osmosis (RO) systems - removes up to 99%; Distillation systems.

Learn More from the EPA

For official information about lead in drinking water, visit the EPA website.

Visit EPA.gov

Check Your Water for Lead

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